带放气槽的定几何二元倒置“X”型混压式超音速进气道实验研究(英文)

针对一种带放气槽的定几何二元倒置"X"型混压式超音速进气道进行了风洞吹风实验。结果表明:随着来流马赫数的增加,进气道总压恢复系数不断减小,流量系数却先增加,在设计点达到最大值后减小;当攻角变化时,两侧进气道变化各异,在小攻角α≤60时,随着攻角的增加,迎背风两侧进气道的总压恢复系数均有所下降,但背风侧进气道总压恢复系数高于迎风侧进气道,在流量系数方面,背风侧进气道先增加后减小,而迎风侧进气道一直保持缓慢下降,但两侧总的流量保持变化不大,在大攻角(α=60-90)状态下,背风侧进气道总压恢复系数和流量系数均下降剧烈,而迎风侧进气道总压恢复系数下降但流量系数却有所上升;同时,通过与不带放气槽进气道的速度特性以及反压特性对比发现,放气槽的存在不但增加了进气道的稳定工作范围,而且对进气道在高马赫数下性能的提高也大有裨益。本文为倒置"X"型进气道的设计、改进提供了实验依据。     

船舶齿轮箱振动测试分析及优化研究

齿轮箱是船舶动力传动系统的主要振源之一，为了研究船舶齿轮箱振动性能及优化措施，进而实现船舶的低噪声化，以本单位自主研发的船用齿轮箱为例，通过台架试验和振动频谱分析结合的方法分析齿轮箱振动的主要影响因素，对振动性能关键影响因素进行优化改进。本文结合振动频谱分析结果对齿轮箱从齿轮修形设计和液压供油系统改进两个方面进行了优化，并对采取优化措施后的齿轮箱进行振动试验验证和振动频谱分析。结果表明：齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进两项优化措施可以切实有效的改善齿轮箱的振动性能。在文中的齿轮箱案例中，齿轮修形后齿轮啮合频率处振动峰值下降40.2%，总振级下降1.85dB，进一步采取液压供油系统改进措施后，齿轮箱总振级下降9.99dB。齿轮修形和液压供油系统改进对船用齿轮箱振动性能提升具有工程应用价值。     

基于PLC控制的液压试验台电气设计

多功能液压附件试验台是用于多种液压元件性能测试的多功能设备，为了实现其电气控制：针对多功能液压附件试验台控制要求，设计了以液压数字比例阀为核心元件、以富士PLC为控制器、采用模块化结构的配套电控系统，并进行PLC控制程序设计，建立起电气控制系统，得到了可靠方便的运行结果。     

高职院校校外实践教学的探索与研究

通过分析和总结广州民航职业技术学院机务专业校外实践教学的经验，指出了高职院校校外实训教学开展应该注意的问题，提出了改进的措施，以促进学生实践技能的培养和提高，对高职院校开展校外实践教学具有一定的指导意义。     

液压材料试验机的误差分析及调修（1）

叙述了液压材料试验机的结构、工作原理及各种参数变化对误差的影响和提高准确调整的方法，以及同轴度引起的试验误差。     

航天测量船综合业务传输平台的体制研究

全面分析、比较了千兆网、ATM、SDH技术体制及其特点，并根据船载使用特点和试验任务的实际应用要求提出了船载综合业务传输平台体制选择的倾向性意见。     

Fatigue life research and experimental verification of superalloy thin-walled structures subjected to thermal-acoustic loads

Rapid alternating stress is formed in structure subjected to harsh thermal-acoustic loads, which will affect fatigue performance and reduce fatigue life seriously. First, fatigue experiment of superalloy thin-walled structure was carried out to obtain fatigue damage location and failure time of the experiment specimen, and S-N curves of superalloy thin-walled structure at 723 K were fitted. Then, dynamic response simulation of superalloy thin-walled structure under the same load as experiment was implemented, and fatigue life was estimated based on the fatigue life prediction model which mainly included: improved rain-flow counting method, Morrow average stress model and Miner linear cumulative damage theory. Further, comparisons between simulation solutions and experimental results achieved a consistency, which verified the validity of the Fatigue Life Prediction Model (FLPM). Moreover, taking a rectangle plate as the analysis object, the distributions of Fain-low circulation blocks and damage levels of the structure were discussed respectively. Finally, current research indicates that in pre-buckling the structure is in softened area and fatigue life decreases with the increase of temperature; in post-buckling the structure is in hardened area and fatigue life increases with the increase of temperature within a certain range.     

H_2O/CO_2污染对煤油燃料双模态超声速燃烧室影响研究

在以电阻加热直连式试验系统为基础的污染对比试验平台上,通过纯净空气来流和H2O/CO2污染空气来流严格对比试验,研究了H2O/CO2污染对煤油燃料双模态超声速燃烧室点火、火焰稳定及稳定燃烧性能等的影响。研究发现,(1)H2O污染对煤油燃料超声速燃烧室点火具有一定的抑制作用,当H2O污染含量达到11%以上时不能实现可靠点火。(2)污染组分的存在会降低燃烧室的火焰稳定性,CO2污染对火焰稳定性的影响比相同含量H2O污染显著。(3)对于燃烧室无反应流动,纯净空气来流和污染空气来流时燃烧室壁面压力在一定范围内基本重合,仅局部存在微小差异。(4)污染组分的存在对煤油燃料超声速燃烧具有抑制作用,燃烧室壁面压力低于纯净空气试验,压力下降程度随污染水平升高而增大,最高达12%,CO2污染对煤油燃料超声速燃烧的抑制作用比相同含量H2O污染显著。(5)污染组分的存在会导致燃烧室模态转换点发生变化,在较高的污染水平下,燃烧室的工作模态将会从相同油气比纯净空气来流下的亚燃模态转换为超燃模态。     

Fuzzy robust nonlinear control approach for electro-hydraulic flight motion simulator

A fuzzy robust nonlinear controller for hydraulic rotary actuators in flight motion simulators is proposed. Compared with other three-order models of hydraulic rotary actuators, the proposed controller based on first-order nonlinear model is more easily applied in practice, whose control law is relatively simple. It not only does not need high-order derivative of desired command,but also does not require the feedback signals of velocity, acceleration and jerk of hydraulic rotary actuators. Another advantage is that it does not rely on any information of friction, inertia force and external disturbing force/torque, which are always difficult to resolve in flight motion simulators. Due to the special composite vane seals of rectangular cross-section and goalpost shape used in hydraulic rotary actuators, the leakage model is more complicated than that of traditional linear hydraulic cylinders. Adaptive multi-input single-output(MISO) fuzzy compensators are introduced to estimate nonlinear uncertain functions about leakage and bulk modulus. Meanwhile, the decomposition of the uncertainties is used to reduce the total number of fuzzy rules. Different from other adaptive fuzzy compensators, a discontinuous projection mapping is employed to guarantee the estimation process to be bounded. Furthermore, with a sufficient number of fuzzy rules, the controller theoretically can guarantee asymptotic tracking performance in the presence of the above uncertainties, which is very important for high-accuracy tracking control of flight motion simulators.Comparative experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, which can guarantee transient performance and better final accurate tracking in the presence of uncertain nonlinearities and parametric uncertainties.     

两相脉冲爆轰发动机尾喷管的实验研究

为了提高脉冲爆轰发动机的推进性能,实验研究了12种不同构型尾喷管对火箭式两相脉冲爆轰发动机爆轰特性和推进性能的影响,并对各类尾喷管的增推原因进行分析。结果表明满填充工况下各类喷管内的爆轰特性不尽相同,收敛喷管可得到最大压力峰值;在满填充工况下频率为10Hz时12种喷管构型中拉伐尔喷管的推力增益最大,塞式收敛扩张喷管其次;拉伐尔喷管的出口面积比对推力增益有较大影响,但收敛段-扩张段长度比对推力增益影响甚微。